A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE STATUS OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN PAIKA PANCHAYAT, RANCHI DISTRICT, JHARKHAND, INDIA

Abstract

Infrastructure is generally defined as the physical framework of facilities through which goods and services are provided to the public. The infrastructure sector covers a wide spectrum of services such as Transportation (including roadways, railways, airways and water transportation), Telecommunication, Water Supply, Sewage Disposal, Irrigation, Medical, Educational and other primary services. Some of these services have a direct impact on the working of a business enterprise, while others are more important from a societal point of view. It contributes to economic development by increasing productivity and by providing amenities that enhance the quality of life. The availability of adequate infrastructure facilities is imperative for the overall economic development of a country. Infrastructure adequacy helps determine success in diversifying production, expanding trade, coping with population growth, reducing poverty and improving environmental conditions. The relationship between each of the infrastructure sectors and the environment is complex. Infrastructure has got both the positive and negative effects on the individuals, society, economy and the natural environment. A good infrastructure in the form of improved transport can increase the productivity of worker through better management of time spent by them on nonproductive activities. Improvements in water supply and sanitation also can have positive impact on the health of the workers, thereby increasing their productivity. A better infrastructure in various forms helps the poor earning more for their livelihood and thus leading to reduction in poverty and inequality.