Law & Political Review
type: channel
description: Law & Political Review (LPR) is an annual, peer-reviewed e-journal that delves into the intersection of law, public policy, and political science. With ISSN: 2581-7191, LPR serves as a platform for research that addresses contemporary issues in these fields, without restriction to any specific subject or country. The journal’s primary objective is to encourage interdisciplinary research that explores the dynamic relationship between public policy, international relations, politics, and law. LPR seeks to understand how these domains work together (or fail to work together) for the welfare of society. The journal invites contributions from researchers across the globe, provided their work aligns with this broad thematic focus on the interplay between law, policy, and politics.
publisher: The Law Brigade Publishers
language: en
publication name: Law & Political Review
issn: 2581-7191
copyright: License Terms Ownership and Licensing: Authors of research papers submitted to any journal published by The Law Brigade Publishers retain the copyright of their work while granting the journal specific rights. Authors maintain ownership of the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication. Simultaneously, authors agree to license their research papers under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License. License Permissions: Under the CC BY-SA 4.0 License, others are permitted to share and adapt the work, even for commercial purposes, provided that appropriate attribution is given to the authors, and acknowledgment is made of the initial publication by The Law Brigade Publishers. This license encourages the broad dissemination and reuse of research papers while ensuring that the original work is properly credited. Additional Distribution Arrangements: Authors are free to enter into separate, non-exclusive contractual arrangements for distributing the published version of the work (e.g., posting it to institutional repositories or publishing it in books), provided that the original publication by The Law Brigade Publishers is acknowledged. Online Posting: Authors are encouraged to share their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on personal websites) both prior to submission and after publication. This practice can facilitate productive exchanges and increase the visibility and citation of the work. Responsibility and Liability: Authors are responsible for ensuring that their submitted research papers do not infringe on the copyright, privacy, or other rights of third parties. The Law Brigade Publishers disclaims any liability for any copyright infringement or violation of third-party rights within the submitted research papers.
items: Evaluating the Growth and Challenges of Cameroon’s Decentralisation Program
items: A Marxist Analysis of Silicon Valley Bank’s Collapse
items: Law-Making in the European Union: Procedures & Challenges
items: Challenges in Harmonization of Shariah and Civil Law: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates
items: The Land Swap Initiative of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in the Context of Nigeria’s Legal Framework on Public Private Partnership
items: Uttarakhand Uniform Civil Code: Its Strengths and Weaknesses
items: HINDU BELIEFS AND ABORTION LAWS IN INDIA
items: QUARANTINE OF A PRIVATE PRACTISING ADVOCATE
items: LAWS AND REGULATIONS ON PREVENTING AND COMBATING CORRUPTION IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN VIETNAM
items: CUSTOMS: THE HUMAN METAMORPHOSIS
items: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE SCOPE OF ARTICLE 25 IN SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ESSENTIAL RELIGIOUS PRACTICE TEST
items: PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN POLITICS IN NIGERIA: LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
items: A LEGAL ANATOMY OF ETHNO-RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE RAVAGING NIGERIA ECONOMY
items: THE USE OF FORENSIC EVIDENCE IN CRIMINAL TRIALS
items: RELIGION OF BEEF
items: AN EXAMINATION OF DATA PROTECTION AND THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN THE NIGERIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY
items: EXAMINING ANTI-CORRUPTION INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS IN NIGERIA AND THE SIEGE AGAINST PUBLIC SECTOR CORRUPTION
items: MATRIMONIAL AGREEMENTS: SOLUTIONS TO THE PERENNIAL PROBLEM OF MATRIMONIAL REGIMES IN CAMEROONIAN LAW
items: EXTRA-ORDINARY RENDITION AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: AN APPRAISAL OF THE NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE
items: ELDER ABUSE IS OFTEN A SILENT CRIME
items: STATE CRIME: EXPLORING THE NEXUS BETWEEN POWER, POLITICS AND ORGANIZED CRIMINAL NETWORKS
items: RESIDUARY POWERS: A WEAPON TO DOMINATE THE STATES
items: ANTI-COMPETITIVE AGREEMENTS
items: A HERETICAL READING OF THOMAS HOBBES: THE MULTITUDE
items: JUDICIAL REVIEW: EXPLORING CONSTITUTIONAL OBLIGATIONS DURING CRISIS
items: EVOLUTION OF ARTICLE 21
items: COMPLETING THE LEGAL POLICY ON THE MINOR LABOR ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS IN VIETNAM
items: KEY ISSUES IN THE HEALTH SYSTEM AFFECTING ACCESS TO EMERGENCY HEALTHCARE IN NIGERIA
items: HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS DURING COVID-19
items: UAE LEGAL AMENDMENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Evaluating the Growth and Challenges of Cameroon’s Decentralisation Program
type: item
description: This study aims to investigate the development of the decentralization program in Cameroon as well as the difficulties faced. In spite of the legal and institutional mechanisms put forth to ensure the smooth growth of the decentralization process, a handful of factors still beset its advancement. The goal of this work is to analyse the different stages in the growth of decentralization in Cameroon and the challenges it experiences. In attaining these objectives, we are guided by the doctrinal research method. Our findings reveal that the laws and institutions put in place to ensure decentralization in Cameroon are appropriate. However there exist a handful of underlying factors impeding its extension. It is however recommended that the executive arm of government should avoid unnecessary intrusion and over-control on the decentralized bodies to allow them operate freely as independent and autonomous entities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Tambe Bua
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-09-17
publication date: 2024-09-17
starting page: 68
ending page: 88

A Marxist Analysis of Silicon Valley Bank’s Collapse
type: item
description: The article engages in a Marxist analysis of legislative background and events in the global political economy that lead to collapse of Silicon Valley Bank and its subsequent acquisitions by other banks. It mainly places reliance upon two (2) key works of Marxism: (i) the chapter ‘Class Society and the State’ from the book ‘The State and Revolution’ by Vladimir Lenin and (ii) the chapter ‘Capitalist Crisis’ from Hadas Thier’s book A People’s Guide to Capitalism. Through such an approach, the article analyses the lobbying of the United States Congress, unexpected increase in the bank’s deposits, sudden decrease and increase in interest rate, the bank’s inability to predict these changes, and its subsequent acquisitions. The article argues that the collapse and subsequent acquisitions of Silicon Valley Bank are not unprecedented events, as many would argue, but rather a standard manner in which financial crises are resolved by capitalism.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Muhammad Shahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-10-09
publication date: 2024-10-09
starting page: 50
ending page: 67

Law-Making in the European Union: Procedures & Challenges
type: item
description: The European Union was established by the Maastricht Treaty, which became effective on November 1, 1993. The pact aimed to promote European political and economic integration through the establishment of a single currency (the euro), a cohesive foreign and security policy, and standardised citizenship rights, while also fostering collaboration in immigration, asylum, and judicial matters. The European Union received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2012, acknowledging its endeavours to foster peace and democracy throughout Europe. The EU exemplifies a continuous endeavour to unify Europe post-World War II. Following the war, numerous Western European nations pursued enhanced economic, social, and political connections to foster economic growth, ensure military security, and facilitate enduring reconciliation between France and Germany. The EU fosters contacts and collaborations with non-EU nations on both bilateral and regional scales. As a worldwide entity, it contributes to various international issues and initiatives and actively participates in numerous international groups and forums. In the past 75 years, the European Union has been a united unit for the formulation of international poiy; therefore, it is necessary to understand the internal functioning of the same unit. Furthermore, it is also imperative to note that it is the EU that has caused ground-breaking changes in the autonomy of countries as well as their functioning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Rakshita Mathur
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-10-06
publication date: 2024-10-06
starting page: 89
ending page: 102

Challenges in Harmonization of Shariah and Civil Law: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates
type: item
description: Law in the UAE is enacted on a tripod of three distinct legal promulgations namely Islamic law, Civil law, and international law. The convulse of these Statutory laws often differ irreconcilably in enactment, procedures, construe essence, application, and critique. The UAE like many other developed countries of the world is trying its best to harmonize different jurisdictions of laws in a single framework Unfortunately, some sectors of the society have taken this situation to work in their vital interest to fulfil ulterior motives, while some others, due to the oblivion of the UAE law get jeopardized by the same token. This negligence on the part of several people may turn costly. Hence, I as a lead author on UAE laws decided to research the entire scenario and ide certain plausible legal solutions to our valuable audience. The regulations of the UAE have drastically been amended during the current pandemic of COVID-19, enabling loads of revision to existing laws. In the methodology, three elements of the UAE Legal system were examined: the development; delivery; and evaluation and feedback. Research objectives include wider scope of engagement in different walks of life, including but not limited to the financial, commercial, banking, healthcare, and legal sectors respectively significant discussion on the impact of harmonization on all walks of life including but not limited to education, health care, employment, trading, court procedures and many more.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Irfan Thanvi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-01-05
publication date: 2024-01-05
starting page: 21
ending page: 36

The Land Swap Initiative of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in the Context of Nigeria’s Legal Framework on Public Private Partnership
type: item
description: Faced with huge infrastructure deficits and corresponding funding challenges, the FCT (FCT) Administration instituted the land-for-infrastructure-swap scheme in which the private sector was granted land under the Land Use Act (LUA) in exchange for the provision of specified public infrastructure in a Greenfield district at no financial costs to FCT Administration. As a technique of land asset management of public authorities, such infrastructure would, prima facie, include road, electricity and water networks. Though inspired by the National Policy on PPP and the global best practices on development of new cities, the FCT Administration did not follow the extant provisions of the ICRC Act in deference to the LUA, which has made comprehensive provisions on grant and utilization of lands in Nigeria. It was argued that the FCT initiative could not have been land swap, as the object of swap was for things other than land. The paper however established that land swap, as a technique for land-based infrastructure financing, cannot be restricted to exchange of land only. Exchange of land for infrastructure, as seen in Egypt, Denmark, China, Japan and many other countries, were equally referred as land swap schemes, and hence, the FCT scheme eminently qualified as land swap. In reviewing the concept of ownership and the wide powers granted to the Governor under the LUA as well as its entrenchment in the Constitution, which the Supreme Court of Nigeria observed as having extraordinary status, it is obvious that the FCT Minister, by a community reading of sections 299 and 301 of the Constitution and section 13 of the FCT Act, could stipulate infrastructure provision as a condition for land grant without being subjected to the extant legal framework on PPP, and hence recommend the deepening of the scheme.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Faruk Sani
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-01-05
publication date: 2024-01-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 19

Uttarakhand Uniform Civil Code: Its Strengths and Weaknesses
type: item
description: Uttarakhand, post-independence, stands as the first state in India to adopt the uniform civil code legislation. On February 7, 2024, the Legislative Assembly of Uttarakhand passed the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) Bill, receiving successive approval from President Droupadi Murmu on March 13. The Uttarakhand UCC statute is put together into four segments. The primary part pertains to pronouncement concerning marriage and divorce, the second part mark succession, covering both intestate and testamentary scenarios. The third part focuses on live- in relationships, while the fourth part deals with repeals. Its jurisdiction extent across Uttarakhand and circumscribe residents of the state residing beyond its borders.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Deepika Verma
creator: Anil Dixit
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-01-04
publication date: 2024-01-04
starting page: 37
ending page: 49

HINDU BELIEFS AND ABORTION LAWS IN INDIA
type: item
description: This research explores Hindu traditions and beliefs on abortion. According to Hinduism, abortion is the worst sin a woman can commit since it breaks the cycle of reincarnation and reduces Dharma. Going back in time, we eventually reach the current abortion law in India, where it is permitted under specific circumstances. The decision to have a kid or not is not entirely within a woman's hands. Abortion possibilities are delayed by slow legal processes. The rising incidence of illegal abortions and the requirement for sex education in our nation. This study has made an effort to provide answers to every query that American women seeking abortions have. Although our country is democratic and our abortion regulations may not be as harsh as those in America, we have very few choices. Additionally, there are religious beliefs in several religions that forbid abortion. In my research, we focus on the Hindu law's emphasis on these views and how it has changed over time, yet some women are still prevented from getting abortions due to these beliefs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Yukta Muniraj
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-01-30
publication date: 2023-01-30
starting page: 68
ending page: 75

QUARANTINE OF A PRIVATE PRACTISING ADVOCATE
type: item
description: The purpose of writing this article is to highlight the practical problems which private practising advocate is facing in the real time scenario by the constraints influenced by dependent systems and being a social engineer as a primary interface to the common man. Examples had been taken just to analyze the practical problems and definitely NOT to criticize any other systems in society. The individual who had done his LLB degree starts his career as a private practising advocate by joining as a junior advocate with any of the senior advocate’s office or he / she starts his own practice. After gaining experience few of them will move as the judicial officers by clearing the exams conducted by the Government and few may join in Corporate as legal advisors or in other roles. Majority of practising advocates will continue as private advocates in their career.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Varri Prabhakar
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-10-08
publication date: 2025-10-08
starting page: 142
ending page: 144

LAWS AND REGULATIONS ON PREVENTING AND COMBATING CORRUPTION IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN VIETNAM
type: item
description: In this article, the author will synthesize and analyze legal regulations on preventing and combating corruption in the private sector in Vietnam. In addition, the author also mentioned the current status of the implementation of these legal regulations. From there, the author provides assessments, comments and proposes solutions to further strengthen compliance with legal regulations on anti-corruption in the private sector in the coming time.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Van Kieu
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-28
publication date: 2023-02-28
starting page: 205
ending page: 216

CUSTOMS: THE HUMAN METAMORPHOSIS
type: item
description: This paper primarily is attempting to enhance the understanding of how a custom begins, and the journey of that custom until it becomes useless. This paper is to understand how to determine if a custom is relevant in the modern times, and to know if it has not become toxic adherence to some law which no one knows how it started. Most of us listen to our grandmothers say not to leave the house for some time after sneezing, or not to leave the house when a black cat crosses our path, these are often regarded as superstitions, but they do had a reasoning, like in ancient India, after preparing butter and curd, mothers often used to forget tying them in a certain height so that no cats or kids could steal the butter, so whenever a cat crossed the path while leaving the house it was wise to check if the butter and curd were tied above in a height. After knowing the reason, now we know that this custom has no relevance in contemporary world where large amounts of curd is not prepared in majority of households, and even if a small proportion of curd is made it is stored in the refrigerator this could be how this custom originated. What did we just do to understand if something is a simple superstitious custom or if it had a contemporary relevance? We will analyze how we did it in this paper. As I have mentioned in my earlier papers also that to understand the origin of anything we must understand its origin, so primarily we will start with the investigation of how customs originate.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: V. Dharani Krishna
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-27
publication date: 2023-02-27
starting page: 83
ending page: 89

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE SCOPE OF ARTICLE 25 IN SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ESSENTIAL RELIGIOUS PRACTICE TEST
type: item
description: Article 25 of the Constitution of India provides to all persons equally entitled to freedom of Conscience and guaranteeing to freely profess, practise and propagate religion. Recently the striking example on the scope of Article 25 decided by the Karnataka High Court in the case of Smt. Resham versus State of Karnataka (W.P. no. 2347 of 2022). While deciding the petition seeking to lay a challenge to the insistence of certain educational institutions that no girl should wear the hijab (Headscarf) whilst in the classroom. The Hon’ble High Court framed the issue on the same and relied upon the Shirur Mutt Case whereby the apex court propounded the essential practice test. The high court decided in negative in her ratio decidendi stated the fact that restriction on the hijab was a reasonable and constitutionally permissible one that student could not object to. This test has been criticized on various ground as arbitrary, illegal, irrelevant etc and questioning the role of apex court on what factor determining the essential and non-essential religious practice. This article aims to explain the scope of article 25 and the essential religious practice test through various judgments. This study will also explore the other secular test such as reasonable restriction would have been adhered to evolve test.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Utkarsh Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-26
publication date: 2023-02-26
starting page: 41
ending page: 61
doi: 10.55662/LPR.2023.801

PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN POLITICS IN NIGERIA: LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
type: item
description: Since the beginning of recorded history, men have dominated the political landscape and the governance of Nigeria. This is not to claim that women have never before taken part in governance or politics at any level. Information reveals that there were great women in the past that ruled and dominated kingdoms but currently the statistics rather that grow has nosedived. Accordingly, this paper reiterates that the Sustainable Development Goal 16 recognizes women's political participation and aims to achieve responsive, inclusive, participatory, and representative decision-making at all levels by 2030. In light of this, this paper attempts to discuss the extent of women's political participation in Nigeria and offers solutions to their apathy. The paper concludes that the government should, as a matter of policy, make deliberate efforts to ensure that women are actively involved in politics and government because there cannot be an inclusive society without women participation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Theresa U Akpoghome
creator: Ufuoma Awhefeada
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-25
publication date: 2023-02-25
starting page: 82
ending page: 99
doi: 10.55662/LPR.2023.803

A LEGAL ANATOMY OF ETHNO-RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE RAVAGING NIGERIA ECONOMY
type: item
description: Nigeria is a country that has more than 250 ethnic groups. It has many languages and religions. The rate of ethno-religious crises in Nigeria has recently increased because of the political effect of ethnicity and religion. This is evident in the level of destruction of lives and property emanating from restiveness developing from ethnicity and religion. Conflicts bred from a large number of agitating groups, kidnapping and banditry are compounding the problem of the nation. The provisions of the country’s constitution on fundamental objectives and directive principles of state policy are unequivocal. Implementation of these objectives and other legal frameworks against ethnicity and religious bigotry is sacrosanct to achieve good governance. Besides, the bulk of the nation’s wealth is lost to prevent and fight ethnicity and religious bigotry. This paper has examined international, regional and local frameworks and the involvement of ethno-religious intolerance in governance in Nigeria. The paper relied on primary and secondary sources of information which were given content analysis. These include international, regional and local legal frameworks, judicial authorities, textbooks, journals, and internet materials among others. The paper discovered that it is very expensive to maintain peace and tranquility, especially in a nation having more than 250 ethnic groups and several religions. Despite being blessed with enough human and natural resources, the country’s progress, and political and economic growth are still being affected by unnecessary sentiments, lack of peaceful coexistence, and insecurity among others. The paper concluded that Nigeria can use the opportunity of its diverse tribes, languages and religions to make progress rather than using it to develop sentiment, hatred and unhealthy rivalry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Raphael Olukayode Adeolu
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-24
publication date: 2023-02-24
starting page: 145
ending page: 160

THE USE OF FORENSIC EVIDENCE IN CRIMINAL TRIALS
type: item
description: The importance of forensic evidence in criminal investigations and trials is rising. It is an essential technique for connecting criminal suspects to crimes and can be used to determine guilt or innocence. The use of forensic evidence in criminal proceedings is, however, sometimes a contentious and complicated topic. This study will look at how India's Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) applies to the use of forensic evidence in criminal cases. In forensic science, which supports the investigation and prosecution of criminal cases, the science of linking individuals, locations, and things to criminal conduct is studied. The procedure involves meticulously looking over the murder scene for physical hints. It is useful for identifying the offender, the incident, and the method used to conduct the crime. It contains evidence about the victim, the offender, and the criminal action, which aids in determining what took place at the crime scene. Forensic evidence gives "who, what, when, where, and how" answers to the crime that was committed. It is utilized by both the prosecution and the defense to prove the defendant's guilt or innocence beyond a reasonable doubt. Role of Forensic Science in the Criminal Justice System or The Protector, highlights the crucial yet frequently ignored role that forensic science performs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Purva Kaul
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-22
publication date: 2023-02-22
starting page: 100
ending page: 110

RELIGION OF BEEF
type: item
description: Beef in India has always been a point of discussion, owing to its religious values. The article talks about problems, and at last possible solution to decrease the ultimate conflicts existing between certain scats due to beef. There have been certain important case laws decided by the Honourable Supreme Court regarding beef and its points. Some of which have been discussed. It is to be noted that the matter in not limited to India only, it has it branches in other countries to, which also have been discussed in this article.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Pratik Pandey
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-21
publication date: 2023-02-21
starting page: 76
ending page: 82

AN EXAMINATION OF DATA PROTECTION AND THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN THE NIGERIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY
type: item
description: In the world today, when looking for someone, the first thing that a person does is pick up their phone and search for the person's name, and a lot of the time, the internet is bound to turn up something about that person. This is because everyone in this day and age belongs to at least one social networking site due to technological advancement and numerous social networking sites. As a result of belonging to one of such social media sites, you are required to fill out a form that usually asks for personal details, which are also displayed for anyone to view when they conduct a simple internet search. With the preceding, it is easy to see that people's data can easily be accessed not just by the sites being given personal information but also by anyone anywhere in the world. As a result, data protection and privacy are pressing issues in the digital age and one that cannot be overemphasized. A major research question in the above analysis is to what extent should a person’s data be in the public domain considering his constitutionally guaranteed right to privacy under the law especially in Nigeria? The paper adopts the doctrinal methodology by examining the various legal regimes, judicial decisions where applicable, and opinions of authors, among others. This paper, in answering this question, discussed the concept of personal data, the right to privacy under the constitution, the need for enforcement of data protection laws, and the data protection laws in existence. The paper ends with recommendations to protect the data of citizens in Nigeria.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Omoniyi Akinola
creator: Jane Morsindi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-20
publication date: 2023-02-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 19

EXAMINING ANTI-CORRUPTION INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS IN NIGERIA AND THE SIEGE AGAINST PUBLIC SECTOR CORRUPTION
type: item
description: The menace of public sector corruption has become much like a forest fire during harmattan. It has become too large to be ignored and yet it has defied attempts at curtailing it. Public sector corruption in Nigeria is a major problem that has been plaguing the country for decades. It has caused immense damage to the economy, public trust, and the overall well-being of the citizens. This article, through a doctrinal and case studies approach, examined anti-corruption institutional mechanisms in Nigeria and the siege against public and oil sector corruption. It argued that while public sector corruption can degrade institutions and erode public trust in governmental mechanisms, laws and policies, when properly implemented, will boost the efforts against public sector corruption. It concluded that a deficient legal framework plays a pivotal role in fostering public sector corruption through various avenues.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Olusola Akinsanya
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-14
publication date: 2023-02-14
starting page: 217
ending page: 237

MATRIMONIAL AGREEMENTS: SOLUTIONS TO THE PERENNIAL PROBLEM OF MATRIMONIAL REGIMES IN CAMEROONIAN LAW
type: item
description: To date, the mystery of matrimonial regimes in Cameroonian law has not been resolved. Both legislative and case law confusion remains. Legal pluralism, different forms of marriage, discriminatory pre-torque mentalities are all obstacles that seem insurmountable in a context where uniformity in family law is a provocation and harmonisation a temptation. In addition, the fate of the property of divorced persons or of the surviving spouse is constantly subject to glaring legal insecurity. In the absence of clear legislative and jurisprudential guidelines, it is more than urgent that the power returns to the spouses through matrimonial agreements, which could be declined in marriage contract, liquidation agreement and mutability of the matrimonial regime. Thanks to these instruments, the fate of property will be better controlled and will no longer be subject to the arbitrariness of certain judges who sometimes appeal to legal pluralism or legislative vacuum to justify their decisions without real legal basis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Djoupoyang Gaston
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-05
publication date: 2023-02-05
starting page: 161
ending page: 191

EXTRA-ORDINARY RENDITION AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: AN APPRAISAL OF THE NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE
type: item
description: This paper investigates Nigeria's involvement in the extra-ordinary rendition process. Given that the first attempt was a failure and was carried out by a military dictatorship, there has been a great deal of worry both inside and outside the country. Since the second attempt was successful and occurred during a democratic administration, there is significant cause for concern. Many are wondering why Nigeria consistently chooses extrajudicial measures rather than utilizing the effective extradition procedures. The episodes have also brought up significant concerns of international law, including those relating to extradition, practice, and processes, which this paper aims to explore. The paper looks at Nigeria's government's activities and identifies the significant international law concerns they present. The paper demonstrates that, in addition to being intrinsically wrong, extraordinary rendition frequently violates a number of human rights.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Kingsley Mrabure
creator: Ufuoma Oyibodoro
creator: Jenigho Esavwede
creator: Peter Gasiokwu
creator: Akpoviri Akatugba
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-06
publication date: 2023-02-06
starting page: 111
ending page: 128

ELDER ABUSE IS OFTEN A SILENT CRIME
type: item
description: Nobel Laureate Mr. Kofi Annan rightly stated that, “Trees grow stronger over the years, rivers wider. Likewise, with age, human beings gain immeasurable depth and breadth of experience and wisdom. That is why older persons should be not only respected and revered; they should be utilized as the rich resource to society that they are”.i In fact the old age is an indispensable stage of life which a man cannot escape unless untimely death occurs. By recognizing this on 14th December 1990, the United Nations General Assembly designated 1st October as ‘the international day of Older persons’. As per the available information the composition of the world population has been increasing dramatically in recent decades. Globally, there were 703 million persons aged 65 or over in 2019. In India, 8% of the population was recorded 60 years and above in 2011 census and it is expected to increase its share to 12.5% to 20% by 2026 and 2050 respectively.ii Unfortunately, with increase of elder population the offences against elderly have been increasing. It is the glaring reality that the human society is gradually criminalized. Best example for that is in contemporary world the elder people are no more synonymous to love but they are seen as a burden that nobody wants to care.iii
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Koneru Anuradha
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-04
publication date: 2023-02-04
starting page: 129
ending page: 141

STATE CRIME: EXPLORING THE NEXUS BETWEEN POWER, POLITICS AND ORGANIZED CRIMINAL NETWORKS
type: item
description: The article analyses crime in contemporary society, shedding light on state crime involving the criminal network. Crime is a social construct that varies from state to state, often making it difficult to determine whether the state has committed a crime against its people. As the state makes the law, it can define what is and isn't a crime when committed. This has led many sociologists to adopt a zemiological approach to state crimes. In other words, it focuses on the harm caused rather than the legality of the actions. The article aims to explain how the state harms and damages humans, the natural environment, and local economies to advance its interests. The article begins by defining ‘state crime’ and what types of categories and legal frameworks can be used in determining wrongful actions committed by the state. Secondly, the article focuses on defining the identities of individuals and government actors complicit in committing state crimes. Often, the state colludes with other interests, such as criminal networks and influential elites. State-organized crime emerges from the nexus between the state and organized crime. This concept is further explained by drawing on the case study of the Yakuza, also known as gokudo. This transnational organized crime syndicate has dominated Japan's underworld for over a century through brutality, extortion rackets, and gambling.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Bhavya Tandon
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-03
publication date: 2023-02-03
starting page: 192
ending page: 203

RESIDUARY POWERS: A WEAPON TO DOMINATE THE STATES
type: item
description: “Indian constitution is federal in nature” and whenever it comes to law making, we can ascertain the fact that India has two tier governance I.e, the central government and state government . The main aim is to give autonomy to states and centre when it comes to exercise powers on certain subject matters by adopting the approach of power demarcation. The main objective behind separation of powers is to preserve the federal structure of the constitution. The doctrine of separation of power is an anachronic concept having its origin in the 16th century . “It was propounded by Charles De Montesquieu In his book Esprit des lois argued that the liberty of institutions can be assured through the separation of power as it can restrict the arbitrary actions of the government .”
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Ayushi Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-02
publication date: 2023-02-02
starting page: 21
ending page: 40

ANTI-COMPETITIVE AGREEMENTS
type: item
description: In a constantly evolving economic scenario, the need for enactment of competition laws became apparent, The Competition Act of 2002 has been implemented to promote competition and ensure freedom of business. One of the major objectives of the competition act is to ensure that the concentration of economic power does not reside in the hands of a few affluent business houses. In a bid to fulfill this objective, the Competition Act of 2002 prohibits parties from entering into anti-competitive agreements. This is done to ensure smooth market functioning and protect the interests of the consumer. Therefore, parties to an agreement, although possess the freedom of trade, they cannot enter into an agreement that might be anti-competitive in nature.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Astha Mittal
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-02-01
publication date: 2023-02-01
starting page: 62
ending page: 67
doi: 10.55662/LPR.2023.802

A HERETICAL READING OF THOMAS HOBBES: THE MULTITUDE
type: item
description: The aim of this article is to trace the concept of multitude in Hobbes’ political thought. It challenges the idea that the individuals of the multitude and the people are the same in Hobbes’ political thought. This analysis shows that the contemporary argument that the multitude and the people are mutually exclusive concepts is invalid. Firstly, because there are four, instead of three agents, that are the sovereign, the multitude, the people as the state and the people as the citizens; and comparing the multitude to the people as state, which is a non-person is impossible and fruitless. Secondly, I claim that the people as citizens is a capacity that the multitude gains in its encounters with the state. Thirdly, I claim that the multitude is the only one with agency within the commonwealth apart from the sovereign. Fourthly, Hobbes acknowledges that it holds the capacity of acting against the sovereign’s rule.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Zeynep Şimşek
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-01-20
publication date: 2022-01-20
starting page: 44
ending page: 66

JUDICIAL REVIEW: EXPLORING CONSTITUTIONAL OBLIGATIONS DURING CRISIS
type: item
description: Last year a pandemic exploded and the name was Coronavirus Disease 2019, the world is still fighting with the pandemic. Because of the pandemic last year in March 2020 PM announced the complete lockdown in the nation and citizens faced so many problems, low income migrant workers stuck in the cities they were working without any job, income and any means of survival. Many of them began to walk home and more than 150 migrants died before reaching their destination. This was just the tip of iceberg. The effect of the pandemic inevitably restricted fundamental rights and thus gives rise to a complex web of questions like, could court interfere with the other organs of government while respecting the doctrine of separation of power? How much judiciary can intervene in the matter of state? Although this question was quite settled earlier by numerous precedents and case laws but it becomes new again because of the pandemic.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Shubham Thakur
creator: Priyanka Gangwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-01-17
publication date: 2022-01-17
starting page: 87
ending page: 103

EVOLUTION OF ARTICLE 21
type: item
description: Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantees to all individuals’ right to life and liberty. Adopted from the concept of due process of law as mentioned under the American Constitution, it is considered as the heart of the Indian Constitution. This article which had started with the meaning of mere freedom of human body in 1950 has evolved over the years to become a set of rights within itself to protect human life and liberty. But the judges of the Supreme Court as recently as in 2019, have commented about the need to expand the scope of article 21. This is because with changing times the human needs and priorities keep changing and the judiciary and lawmakers must keep this in mind, to make sure that the laws are equipped to serve the basic needs of the changing times.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Rudraksh Jain
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-01-16
publication date: 2022-01-16
starting page: 132
ending page: 138

COMPLETING THE LEGAL POLICY ON THE MINOR LABOR ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS IN VIETNAM
type: item
description: In 2019, the National Assembly of Vietnam promulgated a new Labor Code with many amendments and supplements in line with the provisions of international conventions to which Vietnam is a member, especially the new generation free trade agreements (FTAs) such as CPTTP, EVFTA, including regulations on employment for minors. In this article, the author will analyze the employment regulations for minors in the Labor Code of Vietnam in accordance with the international law. Then, the author will recommend solutions for businesses employing minors in Vietnam.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Pham Thanh Nga
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-08-15
publication date: 2022-08-15
starting page: 153
ending page: 166

KEY ISSUES IN THE HEALTH SYSTEM AFFECTING ACCESS TO EMERGENCY HEALTHCARE IN NIGERIA
type: item
description: The health system is made up of different environmental factors. Environmental issues are a great impediment on the realization of the lofty idea of having access to emergency healthcare in Nigeria. The Nigerian health system comprises of various factors militating against this dream, such as human capital resources, financial resources, infrastructural deficiency, bureaucracy and corruption among others. In this paper I have been able to take a look at this key health issues in the environment and how they individually and collectively affects access to emergency healthcare in Nigeria with the aid of statistical evidence where available. The doctrinal method of gathering and analysising of data was made use in the process of carrying out this research work. The paper ended up by drawing up a conclusion as regards and recommendations made.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sheriff Razaaq
creator: Cheluchi Onyemelukwe-Onubia
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-01-14
publication date: 2022-01-14
starting page: 87
ending page: 108

HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS DURING COVID-19
type: item
description: Originating in the city of Wuhan, China, the virus spread all over the world rapidly and made a huge loss for humankind. To stop the spread of the virus the whole world undergoes the situation of lockdown. As a result, these countries faced multifaceted losses. On one side losses of life, on the other hand, socio-economic problems arise as a result of lockdown. The World Health Organization declared covid-19 as a pandemic in 2020.Covid-19 has had an unprecedented impact on societies, livelihoods, communities and the wellbeing of families, redefining the overall everyday life of people all around the world. All of these covid-19 have a brutal impact on human rights. While covid-19 poses a huge challenge to the whole society, the impact on vulnerable groups is at its peak. This paper is a study about the impact of public health policies on the enjoyment of human rights. The worsening of such human rights violations increases the need to utilize a human rights approach in response to covid-19.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Jeuti Nath
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-01-11
publication date: 2022-01-11
starting page: 67
ending page: 72

UAE LEGAL AMENDMENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
type: item
description: The pandemic known as COVID-19 has taken the entire globe with a blast. The outbreak which initiated in December 2019, has been reported to have spread across six continents of the world in just a single quarter. The UAE like many other developed countries of the world is trying its best to curb any further spread of the novel virus. Unfortunately, some sectors of the society have taken this situation to work in their vital interest to fulfill ulterior motives, while some others, due to the oblivion of the UAE law get jeopardized by the same token. This negligence on part of several people may turn costly. Hence, I as a lead author on UAE laws decided to research the entire scenario and provide certain plausible legal solutions to our valuable audience. The regulations of the UAE have drastically been amended during the current pandemic of COVID-19, enabling loads of revision to existing laws. One of the most important issues during the lockdown has been to regulate food supplies and garner stocks. This has been an ancient practice but was never instituted under the prevalent laws of the UAE, as there was never a need for such an occurrence. Ever since the outbreak of COVID-19, as the UAE went under a complete lockdown, changing the world of all residents in a dramatic way. This book covers significant discussion on the impact of the pandemic on all walks of life including but not limited to education, health care, employment, trading, court procedures and many more. At Amazon Inc, we are trying our level best to apprise the public of the latest developments in various sectors due to the outbreak of the pandemic. Nonetheless, a disclaimer for the audience about these rules and regulations, that may be altered through the process of time.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Irfan Thanvi
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-01-07
publication date: 2022-01-07
starting page: 109
ending page: 127
doi: 10.55662/LPR.2022.701